The problem of suicide is largely closed in our culture. We receive part of the information through the press, part of the examples of personal experience of a nearby people, but in general, it is quite difficult to talk about death.
Of course, suicide is far from the most pleasant topic for conversation. However, life shows how important it is to discuss it both with professionals (doctors, psychologists, psychotherapists, teachers), and just with people.
According to statistics in 70% of cases, people who are in a crisis are looking for support and assistance with the family and/or guide friends, in 20% for teachers, and only in 10% of cases they turn to specialists (somatic profile doctors, psychologists, psychiatrists). In many respects, the person depends on the attentive attitude and timely response of others (parents, teachers, peers, medical workers): realizes or stops or stops his suicidal plan.
Prejudices and facts about suicide
Prejudice 1: Most of the suicides are committed without warning, so it is impossible to do anything to prevent it.
Fact:Most people give warning signals about their reactions or feelings due to events that push to suicide. These signals (or calls for help) can be given to a person in the form of direct statements, physical (bodily) signs, emotional reactions or behavioral manifestations. They report the possibility of choosing suicide as a means of getting rid of pain, reducing tension, maintaining control or overcoming loss.
Prejudice 2:Speaking of suicide, one can give the idea of performing this action. It is safer to completely avoid this topic.
Fact:A conversation about suicide does not give rise to and does not increase the risk of its commission. On the contrary, she reduces it. The best way to identify suicidal intentions is a direct question about them.
Prejudice 3:If a person talks about suicide, then he will not commit him.
Fact:People who are taking money with life usually directly or indirectly let someone know about their intentions. Four out of five people who intend to commit suicide, before death, in one form or another speak of this desire with another person. The rejection of a serious attitude and participation in these conversations contributes to the occurrence of death from suicide.
Prejudice 4:Suicidal attempts that do not lead to death are only a form of behavior aimed at attracting attention. Such behavior is worthy of ignoring or punishment.
Fact:Suicidal forms of behavior or “demonstrative” actions of some people are a call or request for help sent to other people. If no one responds, then a transition from a desperate scream is very easy to respond to the conclusion that no one will ever help - and, accordingly, from the lack of serious intentions to die, to a distinct desire to commit self.
Prejudice 5:Those who end with themselves are mentally ill and cannot help them with anything.
Fact:Indeed, the presence of a mental illness is a factor in a high risk of suicide. However, many people who commit suicide do not suffer from any mental illness. For them, this is just a temporary situation from which they do not see another way out.
Prejudice 6:If a person once makes a suicidal attempt, then he will no longer repeat it anymore. The very perfect attempt prevents the possibility of further suicidal actions.
Fact:Although most people who have committed suicidal attempt are usually not proceeding to suicide, but many of them repeat these attempts. The frequency of suicides in people who have previously made suicidal attempts is 10 times higher than among the population.
Prejudice 7:The abuse of alcohol and drugs is not related to suicides and even vice versa: alcohol and drugs help to forget about problems.
Fact:Dependence on alcohol and drugs is a risk factor for suicidal behavior. Drinking and drugs, especially in a state of cancellation, can significantly contribute to accounting for life.
Motives of suicidal behavior
- resentment, a feeling of loneliness, alienation and misunderstanding;
- Actual or imaginary loss of love of loved ones, an unrequited feeling and jealousy;
- experiences about death, divorce or departure from the family;
- Feelings of guilt, shame, offended pride, self -accusation;
- fear of shame, ridicule or humiliation;
- love failures, sexual excesses, pregnancy;
- a sense of revenge, anger, protest, threat or extortion;
- the desire to attract attention, cause sympathy, avoid unpleasant consequences, and get away from a difficult situation;
- Fear of punishment, reluctance to apologize;
- sympathy or imitation of comrades, heroes of books or films, media publications.
Most often, young people are in a state of stress or suicidal risk, as well as after a perfect attempt, they experience the main problem - the problem of communication, i.e. Inability or inability to discuss problems with someone. Therefore, the dialogue with a person at this time is invaluable.
Signs of a suicidal threat
Behavioral
| Verbal | Emotional |
Any sudden changes in behavior and mood, especially moving away from loved ones | Assurance of helplessness and dependence on others | Ambivalence (duality) |
Tendency to reckless and reckless acts | Parting | Helplessness, hopelessness |
Excessive drinking or tablets | Conversations or jokes about the desire to die | The experience of grief |
Visiting a doctor without an obvious need | Message about a specific plan of suicide | Signs of depression |
Parting with expensive things or money | Dual assessment of significant events | Guilt or feeling of failure, defeat |
Acquisition of suicide | Slow, unreasonable speech | Excessive fears or fears |
Summing up, putting things in order, preparation for care | Statements of self -accusation | Feeling of their own insignificance |
Neglect of appearance | Absent -mindedness or confusion |
How to behave?
- You must remain yourself. The rest is perceived as a deception, albeit unintentional, sounds false and is not sincere
- Your task is to enter into a trusting relationship with a person so that he can tell you the truth about what is on his mind. It is necessary that he feels on equal terms with you, as with a friend.
- Have the case with a person, not a “problem”. If you try to act as a teacher or expert, it can push him away
- Focus your attention. Let the person, without interrupting, pour out the soul.
- Do not think that you should say something every time a pause arises. Silence gives each of you time to think.
- Direct the conversation in the direction of mental pain, not from it. Your interlocutor wants to tell you about personal and painful things that are difficult to hear to most people.
- Give a person the opportunity to find his own answers, even if you think that you know an obvious solution or exit.
- In many cases, a momentary solution simply does not exist, and your role is to listen to friendly support.
- When you do not know what to say, do not say anything. But be near!
Round -the -clock "Helpline" operating in the mode of the answering machine
- UZ "6th City Clinical Hospital" +375 (17) 38-59-442
- Health Committee of the Minsk City Executive Committee +375 (17) 39-64-565
psychological assistance
- National children's line of assistance to children affected by cruelty: 8-801-100-1611 daily, around the clock (free calls from stationary phones)
- Emergency psychological assistance phone for adults +375 (17) 352-4-444
- Emergency psychological assistance phone for children and adolescents +375 (17) 263-03-03
- Phone of the city center of border states +375 (17) 351-6-174
